come help me worry about AVIAN FLU PANDEMIC

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In the past few weeks there have been dozens of news shows and PBS type programs covering this and it frankly seems like a very real probability that it will occur and further will be worse than the 1918 influenza outbreak that killed thousands. It is likely that it is the scare TV topic of the season, but it's got me wigged out. Anyone else got the heebee jeebies about it?

Wiggy (Wiggy), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 18:53 (twenty years ago)

I had the heebie jeebies when I was a kid which means I'm immune to avian flu.

laurence kansas (lawrence kansas), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:03 (twenty years ago)

the 1918 influenza outbreak that killed thousands

I think you mean millions.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:04 (twenty years ago)

There have been a few threads on this. I don't know. I get scared, get panick attacks every few months, but nothing seems to happen. So what's the current situation?

nathalie, a bum like you (stevie nixed), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:07 (twenty years ago)

Bird flu deaths force Indonesia to declare epidemic

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:08 (twenty years ago)

As long as it's not human to human, I'm not *that* worried. So far this has not really been confirmed. I check this website from time to time:

http://www.who.int/csr/disease/avian_influenza/updates/en/

nathalie, a bum like you (stevie nixed), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:11 (twenty years ago)

The strain of the bird flu virus known as H5N1 has killed 64 people in South-East Asia in the past two years, most of them in Vietnam. Nearly all of the infections have occurred in people who lived in close proximity to chickens or ducks, and is believed to have been transmitted through the droppings or saliva of sick birds.

The great fear is that the virus could mutate and merge with human influenza to take on a new and highly infectious form. Such a process is believed to have created the notorious Spanish flu, which killed between 20 million and 100 million people across the world from 1918 to 1919.

Human to human infections may also have occurred during earlier outbreaks of bird flu in Hong Kong and Europe in 1997, which remained under control.

"It’s obvious that a pandemic will occur, all the conditions are in place," Lee Jong Wook, the director general of the World Health Organisation, said on Monday. "The problem now is time."

- From that Times article

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:13 (twenty years ago)

Oh THANKS for making me have a sleepless night again. ;-)

nathalie, a bum like you (stevie nixed), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:15 (twenty years ago)

Well, that WHO director may have been exaggerating for effect. I wouldn't say it's obvious it's going to occur until we start seeing significant human-to-human transmission. AFAIK, that hasn't happened yet. The whole thing could still blow over, like SARS did a few years back.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:21 (twenty years ago)

I know. It's a quote that is so effective in articles. You see it in every god damn article about the flu.

nathalie, a bum like you (stevie nixed), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:23 (twenty years ago)

I don't really know what the point of trying to scare people now is, apart from the usual motives for news media sensationalism - ie, better ratings, more clicks, sell more ads, sell more papers, etc. Because the only people that are in a position to do anything about this right now are in the governments of Indonesia & Vietnam.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:25 (twenty years ago)

I posted this on another avian flu thread, but my aunt is an epidemeologist who works with WHO a lot. She went to a WHO conference on avaian flu earlier this year and came back pretty much convinced of looming catastrophe. And she's a scientist, not prone to exaggerating risks.

xpost: No, all governments are in a position to be as prepared as possible to crank out vaccine, set up quarantines, etc. Any outbreak is going to need international response pronto.

gypsy mothra (gypsy mothra), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:26 (twenty years ago)

Well, I would think that governments should always be as prepared as possible to prepare for an infectious disease outbreak. However, there's only so much they can do right now. I may be wrong about this, but it seems like there's no way to start cranking out a vaccine until we know what the actual virus is going to look like. And putting people in quarantines as a preventive measure is not going to fly in a democratic society until people are convinced of a very real and immediate danger, which won't happen until people start to die in large numbers.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:29 (twenty years ago)

gypsy mothra, wouldn't it also be because she's scared of what *might* happen, that she's unable to control this? someone can say that it will happen, but you can never be certain. (yes, for once i'm trying to be optimistic here.)

nathalie, a bum like you (stevie nixed), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:35 (twenty years ago)

I guess maybe there is some value in stockpiling vaccines, or at least that is what many countries now seem to be doing, according to this NY Times article:

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/21/health/21cnd-bird.html?hp&ex=1127361600&en=9f3bf41a4cb8508e&ei=5094&partner=homepage

However, as the article points out, flu viruses quickly adapt to become resistant to vaccines as soon as the vaccines go into widespread use. Also, H521 is already resistant to less-expensive, generic flu vaccines available in the developing world. Developed world countries like the US and the Netherlands have already begun stockpiling more expensive flu vaccines which are still under patent.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:39 (twenty years ago)

Good times: the bird flu will kill us all!

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 19:51 (twenty years ago)

That just gets better every time you revive it, Spencer.

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 20:06 (twenty years ago)

Anyone else see the Wide Angle documentary about bird flu on PBS last night? I saw the first half of it. Pretty chilling in places. Apparently many of the cases in Vietnam have been traced back to people eating the meat from sick chickens. Now the government is trying to mount an education program to get people to stop doing that, though it's hard to change people's behavior, because eating such meat has usually been safe in the past. They also talked with an Australian doctor working in Vietnam who said that basically what we are seeing now with H5N1 is what we'd expect to see in the early stages of an epidemic. Most likely the next stage would be if we start to see health workers in hospitals who are treating bird flu patients catch the disease themselves.

o. nate (onate), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 20:16 (twenty years ago)

xpost,
Well, as we get further and further away from the predicted doomsday, yes it does.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 20:19 (twenty years ago)

Spencer, you may be right about avian flu, and you may be wrong. Either way: you're still a dick.

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 20:33 (twenty years ago)

Thanks. I'm glad you made it out of Asia alive.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 20:34 (twenty years ago)

Thanks, man. It wasn't easy. I had to battle all the way across Asia like this:

http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/video/hist_square/screens/ff7.jpg

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 21:05 (twenty years ago)

http://www.the-sky-is-falling.com

I still think that calling me a "d*ck" is unwarranted and provocative.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 21:14 (twenty years ago)

gypsy mothra, wouldn't it also be because she's scared of what *might* happen, that she's unable to control this?

Yeah, of course. She's not like, "We're all doomed, we might as well just kill ourselves." But she's at least of the opinion that in weighing potential risks to life, liberty and happiness, avian flu >>>>>>> al qaeda.

gypsy mothra (gypsy mothra), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 21:24 (twenty years ago)

I think r*viving that thread ov*r and ov*r is unwarrant*d and pr*v*cative. C'm*n, let's just let sleeping d*gs lie.

xp*st

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 21:41 (twenty years ago)

I have linked to it twice and only on new bird flu threads. I did it solely to provide additional ILX-info on the bird flu in spite of your doomsday paranoia (which you've never acknowledged as being an overreaction). Your repeatedly calling me a d*ck is really unpleasant.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 21:50 (twenty years ago)

Hahaha JUST MAKE OUT ALREADY

The Ghost of Black Elegance (Dan Perry), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:00 (twenty years ago)

Hi Dan!

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:03 (twenty years ago)

You say paranoia, I say poTAHto. I found that thread really unpleasant, but at this point I'd rather make jokes about it than get upset again.

Also, I didn't know you were the one anointed preserver of ILX bird flu thread continuity. Does great responsibility also come with this great power?

Hi Dan!
xpost

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:07 (twenty years ago)

Hey look she's just as slow as Jon too! Cute!

LauraH, Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:08 (twenty years ago)

I just linked to that thread because I remembered it so clearly.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:10 (twenty years ago)

I'd be happy actually to reproduce some of the choice quotes found therein.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:11 (twenty years ago)

I mean, I'd love to joke about things too, but being called a d*ck again is somehow keeping me from burying the hatchet.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:12 (twenty years ago)

Yes, that will certainly help matters.

Seriously, what exactly are you trying to accomplish here?

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:14 (twenty years ago)

HMM I MAY JUST CUT'N'PASTE THIS LITTLE EXCHANGE TO THE NOIZE BOARD FUNNY THREAD/ENEMY LIST! IT WILL BE REALLY FUNNY AND MAYBE A NOISE DUDE WILL SAY ROFFLE OR CALL ME BRO!!!!

CUSTO EPSILONG, Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:15 (twenty years ago)

xpost:
Are you simple or something?

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:16 (twenty years ago)

YES, YES I AM.

Laura H. (laurah), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:17 (twenty years ago)

http://i2.photobucket.com/albums/y32/PRMami/snapshot_2f3d89fe_2f545d21.jpg

The Ghost of Black Elegance (Dan Perry), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:39 (twenty years ago)

Oh Dan, you're so above this kind of thing, aren't you?

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:39 (twenty years ago)

http://www.weirdspot.com/images/uploads/facemutilation.jpg

~~~~ DODONGO DISLIKES SMOKE ~~~~ (ex machina), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:42 (twenty years ago)

ROFFLE

GENERIC NOISE DUDE, Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:44 (twenty years ago)

I don't see why you guys are winding each other up so much! Especially with the whole "I'm going to let it go... AFTER I GET IN THIS LAST SHOT"/"OH NO YOU DIDN'T IT'S ON NOW" psuedoserious japery.

The Ghost of Black Elegance (Dan Perry), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:44 (twenty years ago)

I have never said I am going to let it go.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 22:46 (twenty years ago)

Geez, people! I didn't mean to start such a tiff. I am scared shitless by this bird flu thing and clearly others are too. This is a public forum and you're free to say as you please, but please be kind to those of us chickens (no pun intended).

Yes, someone corrected me above that millions, not thousands died in the 1918 outbreak. What I find most frightening are that vaccines as mentioned above are pretty useless cuz this thing mutates and we can't make enough viable vaccine against an unknown future viral blueprint. Also appalling is that there IS an antiviral drug that is effective against the bird flu, but there isn’t enough to go around (except for heads of state like Busheroo and his family and cronies) and the drug companies have no incentive to make it as no one is throwing research dollars at it and drug co’s would have to drop R&D of other drugs in progress that DO have money attached in order to commit to making this non-profit drug 24/7 for a year to provide adequate supplies for the world. WTF?!?!? Finally sickening is that the 1918 flu killed millions in the world and it had only a 2% mortality rate. This bird flu has a 50% mortality rate. I am alarmed. I don’t know what to do about it and I don’t think it’s being over-hyped, I think it’s a real concern that we should all share.

Wiggy (Wiggy), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 23:06 (twenty years ago)

so??? stop bickering and help me worry will ya?

Wiggy (Wiggy), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 23:07 (twenty years ago)

The mortality rate is inflated due to the isolated cases and the poverty of the nations involved. Vietnam is a burgeoning tourist destination, but a first world nation for medical care it is not. Besides, the mortality rate dropped in half in a years time. If it were to make it to American shores, it probably wouldn't be much more harmful than your general everyday flu to people who aren't elderly or whom have immune disorders. Ebola this is not.

As for worrying, there's constantly calls about new flu outbreaks and strands and comparisons to the 1918 outbreak almost every year. Most respiratory therapists I know don't even bother getting flu shots, since they know the version they're most likely to get will be a mutant strain anyhow. Worrying about this is like worrying about Hanta virus or various parasitic disorders that bury under the skin like Guinea Worm Disorder.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Wednesday, 21 September 2005 23:50 (twenty years ago)

Thanks, Alan. Your comments seem very logical & rational. But Do you think that more effort should be made to have Tamiflu put into more widespread production? It just seems that it would be a no- brainer to make enough so if it's needed we have it to give people so they needent die a horrid death. I suppose there are other things that should be stock-piled by nations too, such as smallpox vaccine and such. Thanks again your comments are soothing and helpful.

Wiggy (Wiggy), Thursday, 22 September 2005 00:36 (twenty years ago)

>But Do you think that more effort should be made to have Tamiflu put into more widespread production?<

I don't know what more you could do that would be legal, honestly. I mean, taking away the patent and allowing others to manufacture generics may sound like a good idea, but at the same time, I don't know that you can penalize a company for coming up with a decent product. Even more of an issue is that there's a obvious lack of human trials versus the particular strand that this thread refers to, and the further fact that in order for the epidemic to grow, that strand would have to further mutate into another one. If it really turns out to be some uber flu from hell that kills even 15% of the people that catch it, god knows if Tamiflu will do anything.

>I suppose there are other things that should be stock-piled by nations too, such as smallpox vaccine and such. <

Smallpox vaccine is an iffy one to me, simply because its not a problem at the moment, and pretty much eradicated as a disease. If you want to save lives, work on malaria. Its still a horrible plague across the world's tropics.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Thursday, 22 September 2005 00:45 (twenty years ago)

Alan, one scientist I heard talking about this said that if the bird flu epidemic hits it may actually be more likely to kill people with strong immune systems than with weak (something about the way it attacks the immune system).

Hurting (Hurting), Thursday, 22 September 2005 01:39 (twenty years ago)

>Alan, one scientist I heard talking about this said that if the bird flu epidemic hits it may actually be more likely to kill people with strong immune systems than with weak (something about the way it attacks the immune system).<

Its more a hypothetical thing than anything. Thus far, a lot of the cases have been children as opposed to adults. Not only that, what we have for case studies on it isn't exactly stupendous, given the relative brevity of most cases in any sense. Its true that the 1918 flu killed a lot of 25-35 year olds, but that was 1918. There were many basic treatments, that, while not inhibitors like Tamiflu, simply aren't available today. The most reassuring aspect is the sheer percentage of deaths due to infection decreasing over time. If we saw another rapid increase back near the 50-60% mark, I would worry a lot more. But the trend has been the opposite direction (likely due to the governments affected realizing the problem at hand and taking more action) and in a hurry.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Thursday, 22 September 2005 01:50 (twenty years ago)

Some interesting info here, particularly about the cases stemming from the Jakarta zoo.

Jaq (Jaq), Thursday, 22 September 2005 02:39 (twenty years ago)

Alan, I don't understand what you mean in this sentence: There were many basic treatments, that, while not inhibitors like Tamiflu, simply aren't available today.

Jaq (Jaq), Thursday, 22 September 2005 02:43 (twenty years ago)

Well, what they were saying in the PBS documentary the other night is that the bird flu would actually be deadlier if it had a lower mortality rate. While this sounds counter-intuitive, it actually makes sense if you think about it. A flu strain with a 100% mortality would not be very dangerous, because it would be unable to spread very quickly or widely. A virus is mostly spread by those who carry the germs but don't die. When a person dies, all the viruses that they are carrying die with them. So a virus with a 100% mortality rate is basically guaranteeing its own extinction. The virus can only live if its hosts live. Epidemiologists have studied what the most 'efficient' mortality rate for an epidemic would be, and I believe its closer to 2% than it is to 50%. 50% is still way too high to be genuinely dangerous. A virus capable of spreading to a very large number of people that only kills 2% of them will still kill many more than a virus that doesn't spread widely but kills 50%.

Also, I think that the notion that we should expect the bird flu to be no more deadly than a regular flu once it reaches the developed world is seriously over-optimistic. The Spanish flu of 1918-1918 killed mainly young adults - people in their 20s. We just don't know how this bird flu would act once it starts to spread.

o. nate (onate), Thursday, 22 September 2005 13:36 (twenty years ago)

>Alan, I don't understand what you mean in this sentence: There were many basic treatments, that, while not inhibitors like Tamiflu, simply aren't available today.<

You can't compare the medical community in the US circa 1918 to the medical community in the US in 2005. They're miles apart. We're talking 20 years before the invention of PENICILLIN. Nor can you compare the capabilities of your average health care facility in Cambodia and the US. Again, Phnom Phen has a lot of 5 star hotels going up, but its not somewhere you want to get sick. Nor do people in Cambodia have access to health care like they do here in America. Even if you don't have the money for a doctor, you can afford basic over the counter medicine. It doesn't work that way for people who's average income every year is well below $2,000.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Thursday, 22 September 2005 15:56 (twenty years ago)

Okay. I read it as "There were basic treatments available in 1918 that are not available today."

Jaq (Jaq), Thursday, 22 September 2005 15:58 (twenty years ago)

>Well, what they were saying in the PBS documentary the other night is that the bird flu would actually be deadlier if it had a lower mortality rate. While this sounds counter-intuitive, it actually makes sense if you think about it. A flu strain with a 100% mortality would not be very dangerous, because it would be unable to spread very quickly or widely. A virus is mostly spread by those who carry the germs but don't die. When a person dies, all the viruses that they are carrying die with them. So a virus with a 100% mortality rate is basically guaranteeing its own extinction. The virus can only live if its hosts live. Epidemiologists have studied what the most 'efficient' mortality rate for an epidemic would be, and I believe its closer to 2% than it is to 50%. 50% is still way too high to be genuinely dangerous. A virus capable of spreading to a very large number of people that only kills 2% of them will still kill many more than a virus that doesn't spread widely but kills 50%.<

A virus that has a 100% mortality rate certainly can cause serious epidemics. The issue of gestation period comes into play, which is why AIDS, although its basically a death sentence for those without access to drugs, spreads so fast.

>Also, I think that the notion that we should expect the bird flu to be no more deadly than a regular flu once it reaches the developed world is seriously over-optimistic. The Spanish flu of 1918-1918 killed mainly young adults - people in their 20s. We just don't know how this bird flu would act once it starts to spread.<

Again: 1918 was how many years ago? Its not as if the best treatments we can come up with are throwing people in iron lungs and making them sit in spring water anymore.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Thursday, 22 September 2005 15:59 (twenty years ago)

Okay. I read it as "There were basic treatments available in 1918 that are not available today."

So did I. Good points though Alan.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:10 (twenty years ago)

A virus that has a 100% mortality rate certainly can cause serious epidemics. The issue of gestation period comes into play, which is why AIDS, although its basically a death sentence for those without access to drugs, spreads so fast.

That's a good point, but I think that AIDS has a much longer gestation period than bird flu, so a 100% fatal bird flu would presumably spread slower than AIDS.

Again: 1918 was how many years ago? Its not as if the best treatments we can come up with are throwing people in iron lungs and making them sit in spring water anymore.

That's true - but presumably the benefits of these new treatments would apply equally to people of different ages - your argument seems to imply that they would be more helpful to the young.

o. nate (onate), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:31 (twenty years ago)

The solution is clear -- boy in plastic bubble time.

Ned Raggett (Ned), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:42 (twenty years ago)

Actually, if I may correct myself, it appears that there is some reason to think that flu vaccines would be less helpful to the elderly, according to a study reported in today's NY Times:

2 Studies Find Flu Treatments Fall Far Short

o. nate (onate), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:45 (twenty years ago)

Next up on the pandemic radar screen, dog flu:

A New Deadly, Contagious Dog Flu Virus Is Detected in 7 States

o. nate (onate), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:50 (twenty years ago)

>That's a good point, but I think that AIDS has a much longer gestation period than bird flu, so a 100% fatal bird flu would presumably spread slower than AIDS.<

Well, yes. But the flu isn't instant in terms of its effects, and additionally, there will be hard headed people who ignore early symptoms and come into work or go out in public. Its bound to happen. After all, you're not dealing with a disease that's going to cause some level of incapacitation quickly. Hell, who hasn't gone to work with a cough or runny nose?

Also, remember that both 90 years ago and in Cambodia, personal hygene is not quite to the levels of the west in 2005.

>That's true - but presumably the benefits of these new treatments would apply equally to people of different ages - your argument seems to imply that they would be more helpful to the young.<

That's always been true. Like I said before, the elderly and immunocomprimised are always the ones who are rushed to get flu shots first because they're the most likely to contract the disease and to die from it. If you're in your thirties, worrying yourself silly about the bird flu (unless its in regards to your parents or something getting it) is overreacting. There's a ton of dangerous, horrible diseases that are just one lucky break away from hitting american shores and perhaps wiping us all out. Hell, there's all sorts of events like that which seem possible, and maybe even likely. Just ask people in California how they feel about the San Andreas.

Alan Conceicao (Alan Conceicao), Thursday, 22 September 2005 16:59 (twenty years ago)

I sure picked a hell of a good time to move to China.

I encounter live chickens on the street every day. What am I going to do? Hope they don't sneeze on me?

bleh, Thursday, 22 September 2005 17:36 (twenty years ago)

http://www.cnn.com/SHOWBIZ/9803/11/lloyd.bridges.obit/link.airplane.jpg

mookieproof (mookieproof), Thursday, 22 September 2005 17:44 (twenty years ago)

xpost

The thing is, I don't think anyone is in any more danger now than they were 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 years ago. So, moving to China now is as good a time as ever. I'm thinking about spending some time in Shanghai, especially the chicken-less parts.

Spencer Chow (spencermfi), Thursday, 22 September 2005 18:53 (twenty years ago)

Currently on line in the Shanghai version of craigslist:

ROOM TO RENT
Hi-speed net access for downloading MIA remixes
NO CHICKENS

Ned Raggett (Ned), Thursday, 22 September 2005 18:57 (twenty years ago)

three months pass...
virus begins to spread around Turkey

and i can't help but feel a little nervous, despite no evidence of human-to-human transfer.

Sororah T Massacre (blueski), Monday, 9 January 2006 16:19 (twenty years ago)

avian flu spreads around turkey

latebloomer: Let's just say I do for bullshit what Stonehenge did for Rocks (lat, Monday, 9 January 2006 16:34 (twenty years ago)

haha yeah i was gonna mention that as well.

ken c (ken c), Monday, 9 January 2006 16:51 (twenty years ago)

play some footie to boost your immune system stevem

ken c (ken c), Monday, 9 January 2006 16:51 (twenty years ago)

five months pass...
First case of human to human has been diagnosed. In Indonesia some woman gave it to the entire family or something. All dead.

*sigh*

Nathalie (stevie nixed), Friday, 23 June 2006 14:20 (nineteen years ago)

Yay death! (Not really, obv.)

Ned Raggett (Ned), Friday, 23 June 2006 14:21 (nineteen years ago)

http://i2.photobucket.com/albums/y32/PRMami/snapshot_2f3d89fe_2f545d21.jpg

Not to be a dick and derail or anything but why are these ppls furnitures outside???!

Allyzay will never stop making pancakes (allyzay), Friday, 23 June 2006 14:29 (nineteen years ago)

YARD SALE

steal compass, drive north, disappear (tissp), Friday, 23 June 2006 14:31 (nineteen years ago)

as somebody with an elderly parent, I'm not too reassured by the rationalizing shrugs upthread (and not like she doesn't have millions of contemporaries)

don (dow), Saturday, 24 June 2006 04:34 (nineteen years ago)


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